Do GDP and Energy Consumption Increase CO2 Emissions? An Analysis of Brazil, India and China

Abstract

This study analyses the short and long run impact of trade, energy consumption and CO2 emissions on economic growth in Brazil, India and China. The time series considered is from the period of 1978-2014. By employing ARDL bound testing approach, the long and short run effects are estimated. With Error Correction model, the findings provide that there is a short run relationship between energy and export, leading to CO2 emissions in China, there is no significant relationship between the variables and CO2 emissions in India and a short run relationship between CO2 emission and energy consumption in Brazil. The study implies that policy makers in China need to give special attention for energy sector and non-convertible energy in export sector for reduction in CO2 emissions. In India, it is essential to consider other factors that are responsible for CO2 emissions in the country. And in Brazil, the results suggest an inefficiency of the use of energy and that export oriented industries in Brazil have been diverted to convertible or renewable energy sources.

DOI: 10.7176/JETP/9-7-03

Publication date:October 31^st 2019