Review on Immunotherapy Strategies against Infectious and Noninfectious Diseases

Abstract

Immunotherapy, in its broadest sense, encompasses the treatment and prevention of a large number and variety of immunologic and non immunologic diseases. Immunization may be active, in which administration of antigen (usually a modified infectious agent or toxin) results in active production of immunity, or passive, in which administration of antibody containing serum or sensitized cells provides passive protection for the recipient. Several mechanisms to stimulate immune system of host through different types of cell or cell extract, such as cellular therapy, immunomodulators, and antibody therapy. The potential for prophylaxis and therapy for veterinary medicine and human medicine comprise the following: control of infectious disease, cancer therapy, specific treatment of autoimmune disease, immunomodulation of allergic disease. However, risks associated with immunotherapies, such as toxicity and hypersensitivity, also have been documented.

Keywords: Immunotherapy, allergy, Antibody, Immunomodulator, Cancer, Plasmid DNA therapy