Management and Primary Prevention of Obesity and the Role of the Pediatrician: Systematic Theoretical Review

Abstract

This study aimed at exploring the role of the pediatrician in the management processes for the prevention of obesity in a systematic theoretical review. Obesity prevention, in addition to treatment, is an important public health priority. This clinical report describes the rationale for pediatricians to be an integral part of the obesity-prevention effort. Research on obesity prevention in the pediatric care setting as well as evidence-informed practical approaches and targets for prevention are reviewed. Pediatricians should use a longitudinal, developmentally appropriate life-course approach to help identify children early on the path to obesity and base prevention efforts on family dynamics and reduction in high-risk dietary and activity behaviors. They should promote a diet free of sugar-sweetened beverages, of fewer foods with high caloric density, and of increased intake of fruits and vegetables. It is also important to promote a lifestyle with reduced sedentary behavior and with 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity. Therefore, This research also focuses on clinical practice. However, the role that a pediatrician can play in the community is also critical. And this research also identifies important gaps in evidence that need to be filled by future research.