Prevalence of Haemoptysis in PCR Positive Covid-19 Patients with Sars Covid-2 Pneumonia

Abstract

Covid-19 belongs to the group of corona viruses, morphologically shaped as crown with spikes at the rim, the viral spikes being made up of protein S₁ and S₂. Apart from the ability of SARS Covid-2 (Covid-19) to induce massive inflammation in the lungs of infected patients, an additional compounding factor that accompanies the cytokine storm is thrombo-embolic phenomenon which has been demonstrated in a number of autopsies/ Haemoptysis as a symptom is considered outcome at an outcome of the clotting and haemorrhagic phenomenon. The aim of this work is to establish the prevalence of haemoptysis in covid-19 pneumonia as a possible consequence of the combined damaging effect of cytokine storm and the thrombo-embolic phenomenon. One hundred and twenty Covid-19 patients were selected through record after obtaining ethical clearance/ In no particular order and sticking only to random sampling, study group were picked from northeast, northwest and north central geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Medical record of each is sorted by by care givers to specifically evaluate the presence of the symptom of  haemoptysis at the latter and recovery stage after the sneezing, anosmia and itchy throat early stage and all through the stage  where there is cough and deep retrosternal pain in response to the cough with accompanying difficulty in breathing. The result indicates the presence of haemoptysis in 10% of PCR Covid-19 confirmed cases of pneumonia.

Keywords: PCR, Covid-19, SARS Covid-2, Pneumonia, Haemoptysis,

DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/90-02

Publication date:June 30^th 2021