Assessment of the Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors in Ambo Prison, Ambo Town, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: It is presumed that depression is the major psychological problem among inmates as they are believed to be under an vast mental and physical stress compared to the general population.Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors in Ambo Prison, Ambo Town, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia.Method: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of depression. The samples were selected by systematic random sampling technique and data was collected by using structured questionnaire in accordance with PHQ-9 screening and scoring Scale. The sample was calculated by using sample size calculating formula and correction formula. The data was coded and entered into computer and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done for association, and finally frequencies and other descriptive statistics were computed.Result: The overall prevalence of depression among inmates was 54.4%, of which 53 (15.4%), 31 (9%), 29 (8.4%), and 74 (21.5%) met the criteria for mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression respectively. Factors associated with depression were future apprehension and the environments of the prison. However, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the strongest predictor of depression was suicidal ideation [AOR= 25.547; 95% CI: 12.166, 53.648, p<0.01].Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of depression among inmates in Ambo Prison were found to be high, in which most of them met the criteria for severe depression contributing to suicidal ideation and actual attempts.

Keywords: Associated factors, Ambo, Depression, Prevalence, Severity

DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/94-01

Publication date:October 31^st 2021