Adherence to Self-care Behaviors and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetes Patients in Menelik II Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders. It is the third among the five leading global risks for mortality. Diabetes self-care behavior is the cornerstone of diabetes care and an essential part of life for patients with diabetes to have a better and healthy lifestyle. Thus, this was aimed to assess the magnitude of self-care behavior and factors associated with it among adult patients with diabetes at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1st to June 30, 2021, G.C. Patients who visited the hospital within the study period were included in the study. Data was collected by using data extraction formats and adapted Expanded Version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). The overall mean score was determined to identify level of adherence. Finally, data were cleared, edited, entered in to SPSS version 20, and analyzed. The result showed that about 320 patients were included in the study among which 171 (53.4%) were male and 125 (39.1%) were below 40 years old. Majority of patients 211 (65.9%) were type II DM patients and 186 (58.2%) of them have lived more than five years with diabetes. The self-reported adherence to self-care behavior was good for 114 (35.6%) [95% CI: 30.3 - 41.3] and poor for 206 (64.4%) [95% CI:58.8 - 69.7] of study subjects. Low educational status (P.Value= 0.001), poor social support (P.Value=0.00) and low average monthly income (P.Value=0.01) were predictors of poor adherence to diabetes self-care behaviors in the hospital but being male (P.Value=0.00) was confounding variable. Therefore the self-care behaviors of diabetic patients in the hospital was poor. There has to be integrated effort to improve the quality of services and enhance adherence in the hospital.

Keywords: Self-care behavior, Diabetes mellitus, Ethiopia

DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/114-01

Publication date:March 31^st 2024