A Comparative Analysis of Juvenile Justice System in the Northern and Southern Part of Nigeria

Abstract

Prevention of offenses by juveniles is one part of the wider crime reduction strategy of any nation. Northern and Southern regions of Nigeria are components of one entity and the Child’s Right Act is made in such a way that neither of the regions is exempted. The study examined the relatedness of the proceedings among the Juvenile Justice Systems of Northern and Southern Nigeria in handling issues concerning juvenile delinquency. Due to the wide distinguishing feature of the country, Akwa Ibom State and Nasarawa States were selected to represent the two regions. The study was conducted using cluster and quota sampling techniques to select the element for the study. 150 respondents were used, and 4 elements were selected from the population of Uyo metropolis which is settled at 305,961 to conduct the study. The 4 elements are Social Welfare Officers, Remand Home Staff, Nigeria Prison Service staff, and Juvenile Court Staff Primary data were sorted with the use of well constructed questionnaire and interview while Journals, text books and internet were sources of secondary data. The study reveals a dysfunctional Juvenile Justice System in Nigeria. The respective correctional institutions are poorly equipped, hence cannot serve their statutory functions. Also, through civic education juveniles ought to know the penalties attached to delinquent act. This is to prevent reoccurrence of delinquency and not until the offense is committed then the offender is sanctioned. The system should be geared towards reformation, reintegration and education rather than being punishment centered.

Key words: Juvenile, Delinquency, Juvenile Courts, Juvenile Justice System, Integration and Reformation.