Studying Electrochemically Activated NaCl Solutions of Anolyte and Catholyte by Methods of Non-Equilibrium Energy Spectrum (NES) and Differential Non-Equilibrium Energy Spectrum (DNES)

Abstract

The electrochemical treatment of water with using the electric current is a promising modern approach in the water disinfection technique, resulting in obtaining the electrochemically activated water solutions (catholyte/anolyte) carrying new physical-chemical properties stipulated by changing of the electrochemical characteristics of water as ORP, E_h, pH. The process of electrochemical water treatment includes several electrochemical processes associated with the transfer in a constant electric field the electrons, ions and other charged particles (electrolysis, electrophoresis, electroflotation, electrocoagulation), the main of which is the electrolysis of water. This article deals with the review of the basic physical-chemical processes underlying the electrolysis of water and preparation of electrochemically activated NaCl solutions (catholyte/anolyte) and studying their physical-chemical properties. In order to provide additional data about the distribution of H₂O molecules according to the energies of hydrogen bonds in the electrochemically activated water solutions, the non-equilibrium energy spectrum (NES) and differential non-equilibrium energy spectrum (DNES) of the anolyte and the catholyte were measured as a result of which were established the basis for evaluation of the mathematical model explaining the behavior of the anolyte and the catholyte regarding the distribution of H₂O molecules to the energies of hydrogen bonds. The local maximum for catholyte in the NES-spectrum was at -0.1285 eV, for anolyte – at -0.1227 eV and for the control sample of deionized water – at -0,1245 eV. The calculations of ∆E_H...O for catholyte with using the DNES method compiles (-0.004±0.0011 eV) and for anolyte (+1.8±0.0011 eV). The average energy of hydrogen bonds between Н₂О molecules was measured by the DNES method to be compiled at -0.1067±0.0011 eV.

Keywords: electrochemical treatment of water, anolyte, catholyte, electrolysis, NES, DNES.