DERANGED SERUM LIPID LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH PREECLAMPSIA.

Abstract

Background; Preeclampsia (PE), as a risky pregnancy, is a systemic disease characterized by hypertension, proteinuria and edema, which are thought to be the result of diffuse endothelial activation and dysfunction. About 5% of all pregnant women have PE during the second half of gestation that can cause maternal death throughout the world and is accompanied by substantial perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective; To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia in women with preeclampsia at a tertiary care hospital.   Material and Methods; A total of 135 women with preeclampsia (Both primigravida and multigravida) aged 20 – 40 years were included in our study.  Patients with twin pregnancy, taking lipid lowering therapy were excluded from our study. Detailed history and physical examination was conducted. Five ml venous blood sample was drawn and sent to central pathology laboratory of Nishtar Hospital, Multan for serum lipid profile estimation. Data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 20. Results; Mean gestational age of our study cases was 33.24 ± 2.77 weeks. Mean age of our study cases was 29.61 ± 3.54 years. Family history was positive in 41 (30.4%) of our study cases. Diabetes was present in 25 (18.5 %) of our study cases. Mean parity was 2.59 ± 1.72 and 77 (57.0%) had parity up to 3. Mean body mass index of our study cases was 25.85 ± 2.54 kg/m² and obesity was present in 31 (23.0 %) of our study cases. Of these 135 study cases, 104 (77.0 %) were illiterate while 31 (23.0%) were literate. Of these 135 study cases, dyslipidemia was present in 73 (54.1%). Mean Serum Cholesterol level was 223.45 ± 47.21 mg/dl and it was deranged in 71 (52.59 %), mean serum LDL level was 147.15 ± 31.25 mg/dl and it was deranged in 72 (53.33%), mean serum triglyceride level was 154.21 ± 15.29 mg/dl and it was deranged in 70 (51.85%) of our study cases and mean HDL level was 52.42±8.53 mg/dl while it was deranged in 14 (10.37%).   Conclusion; Very high frequency of dyslipidemia was noted in our study in pre-eclamptic women. Dyslipidemia was significantly associated with gestational age, parity and diabetes.  All the preeclamptic women should be screened for serum lipid levels and be managed accordingly to avoid future fetomaternal adverse outcomes.

Keywords; Preeclampsia, dyslipidemia, Frequency.

DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/52-08