The Effect of Entamoeba Histolytica and Giardia Lamblia Infection on Some Human Hematological Parameters

Abstract

This study was carried out in Al Haweeja General Hospital/Kirkuk, Iraq from June2013to February2014. A total of 207 Patients of both sexes from all ages were eligible for this study. The chosen patients had single infection either with Entamoeba  histolytica or Giardia lamblia.Entamoeba  histolytica was diagnosedin 84 (40.5%)  stool samples from the total number examined. No significant differences was appeared between males (43.8%) and females (37%) infected with  E. histolytica. Age group 1-10 years had significantly  higher rate of infection (60%) followed by 11-20 years with rate of 34%. The lower rate was for 41-50 (16%). High rates of the E. histolytica positive samples contained trophozoite and cyst(47.6%), followed by cystic stage (27%), while trophozoite stage was found in 25% of samples.G. lamblia prevalence was significantly lower compared with E. histolytica. It was diagnosed in 15 (7.2%) stool samples of 207 samples examined. No significant differences were recorded between the females (8%) and the males (6%). Also no significant differences appeared between the different age groups. G. lamblia was more prevalent as trophozoite (46.6%), trophozoite and cystic (40%) than cystic stage alone (13.3%). The samples containing  trophozoite and cystic stages of E. histolytica had the most apparent significant effect on all hematological parameters , and the highest rate of abnormality was seen in HB levels, followed by these samples having E. histolytica cyst alone , also significantly high rate of abnormality was for PCV levels. The lowest rate was for samples containing G. lamblia stages. Eosinophil showed significantly high rate with G. lamblia trophozoite compared with the control. Lymphocyte showed significantly high rate with E.histolytica (trophozoite+cyst) compared with the control. No significant differences were noted with the other types of WBCs (neutrophil, monocyte, basophil) inall cases of infections compared with the control.

Keywords: Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Hematological parameters, Iraq.