Immunopathological Study of the Effect of Phytohaeagglutinin on Secondary Hydatidosis Development in White Mice

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the immunopathological effects of phytohaeagglutinin(PHA) on the immune response against hydatid cyst infection in mice.The treated groups of mice dividedinto two groups,the first group immunized with 0.2ml of10mg/mlof PHA and the second group immunized with 0.4ml of 25mg/ml of PHA in 0 time after two weeks the same doses as repeated against secondary hydatidatid cysts, then delayed type hypersensitivity test was done on these groups and compared with the third group(that had been inoculated with 0.2 ml of sterile phosphate buffer saline as a control group)at day 27 post immunization using soluble PHA.At day 30 half number of animals from each group were scarified to perform humoral immunity tests (ELISA).Then challenge with 2000 protoscolices were done for the remaining half ofall 3groupsand left them for three months then kill them for histopathological results post challenge showed marked growth of cysts in the livers of the control infected group, with some degenerative and necrotic lesions accompanied by amyloidosis in spleen. While the immunized groups with PHA revealed presence of focal mononuclear cells in liver ,kidney and lung tissue with lymphoid hyperplasia in spleen. Finally, this study showed that the PHA were highly immunogenicand this may related to the fact that one of the componentsh of bile salts hasDeoxycholic acid init´s structure has the lysis effect on the protoscolsis against hydatid cyst infection in mice.

Keywords: phytohaeagglutinin, hydatid cyst, histopathological, mice.