Effect of Elevated Carbon Dioxide, CO2 and Temperature on Crop Production: A Review

Abstract

Plant growth and distribution is limited by the environmental factors. Of the environmental factors temperature and co₂ are the most important. In addition to conductivity of the stomata Water loss by transpiration is also affected by the driving forces for exchange of co₂ from the atmosphere. GHG emissions Have led to changes in the world ‘s climate conditions including temperature and precipitation. In addition to increasing photosynthesis and biomass, another major benefit of rising atmo­spheric CO₂ is the enhancement of plant water use efficiency. Higher levels of atmospheric CO₂ ame­liorate, and sometimes fully compensate for, the negative influences of various environmental stresses on plant growth, including the stress of high temperature. biomass production of modern C3 plants was reduced by 50% when grown at low (180–220 ppm) [CO₂], when other conditions are optimal. occurrence of mild heat (2-3⁰C for more than 13 days) in early spring at reproductive stage caused 28% reduction in the grain yield. crops need almost double amount of water at 2⁰C increase in temperatures at higher elevation of agricultural plains.

Keywords: driving force, temperature, co₂, GHG, C3 plants