Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Variety Adaptation Trial in Alicho Wuriro and Anlemo Districts of Southern Ethiopia

Abstract

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a major food and feed legume. The trial consisting of 10 varieties and a local check were evaluated for adaptation in Alicho Wuriro and Anlemo districts of Southern, Ethiopia using a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2013. Data on some agronomical traits were recorded. Highly significant difference at (P<0.01) Table 4 were between days to flowering x varieties, plat height x locations, days to maturity x locations, hundred seed weight x varieties, yield x locations. And significantly different at (p<0.05) were between days to flowering x locations, plant height x locations x varieties, pods per plant x locations, number of pods per plants x locations x varieties, number of seeds per plants x locations x varieties, days to maturity x varieties, 100 seed weight x locations x varieties. The top mean grain yield (Table 2 and Graph 1), (4.62 ton ha-1) over locations was achieved by variety Dosha followed by Shallo (4.58 ton ha-¹), Obse (4.48 ton ha^-1), Gabelcho (4.44 ton ha^-1) and Moti (4.37 ton ha^-1). Among the tested locations maximum mean yield was at Anlemo (4.46 ton ha^-1) followed by Alicho Wuriro (3.92 ton ha^-1). Yield over locations were highly significant differences at (P<0.01). From Anlemo district Shallo variety with mean yield (5.42 ton ha-¹); followed by varieties Dosha (5.07ton ha-¹), Moti (4.86 ton ha-¹), Gabelcho (4.79 ton ha-¹), Degaga (4.79 ton ha-¹) and Obse (4.58 ton ha-¹) which were higher than location mean but not significantly different (Table 2 and Graph 1).  From Alicho Wuriro district there was no varieties significantly difference on yield, but Tumsa (4.58 ton ha-¹), Obse (4.38 ton ha-¹), Dosha (4.17 ton ha-¹) and Gabelcho (4.10 ton ha-¹) to be used as variety option (Table 2 and Graph 1). Dosha variety was the highest and stable in grain yield across locations. But Tumssa variety was not stable; the highest grain yield in Alicho Wuriro district but the lowest garin yield in Anlemo district. Variable diseases chocolate spot and rust severity scores (1-9) scale were recorded for all tested varieties. Almost all the varieties tested across locations in 2013 cropping season were exhibited immune to moderately susceptible (2-5) reactions to important diseases indicating that they could be used as a source of gene for resistance in breeding programs Table 3. Different severity scores were recorded for both diseases reactions on the same varieties in different environments but both did not show significant differences Table 4. But rust positively highly correlated to grain yield.

Keywords: Faba bean, disease reaction, fungal pathogens.