Brain Drain in the Afganistan

Abstract

The emigration of educated and highly qualified people from their own country in order to live, work and earning a better living is called as brain drain. Afghanistan, because of its geographic and strategic importance, and being in one of the important crossroads of trade centers; possessing of many important mines and underground treasures has been exposed by many external powers. For example, the occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union is one of the most obvious example which made Afghanistan experience the first brain drain phenomenon. After the invasion of Afghanistan by the Taliban regime, the brain drain phenomenon increased and reached to it’s peak point. More than seven million Afgan migrated to the neighboring countries (3 million to Iran and Pakistan, 2 million to Turkey and other European countries) during that time. The concept of brain drain, its history, the causes and consequences, brain drain in Afghanistan from the occupation of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union till today will be explained in the introduction of this article. The history of brain drain , especially after the World War 2 , the history of brain drain in Afghanistan from the the period of Soviet Union , throughout the Taliban regime and new government from 2001-2018 , the causes , positive and negative effects of brain drain would be discussed in detail in this article.

Keywords: Brain Drain, History of Brain Drain , the Reasons behind the Brain Drain , Brain Drain in the Afganistan. Brian Drain in the period of Soviet Union’s İnvasion, Brain Drain at the time of Taiban domination, and Causes of Brain Drani in Afganistan after September 11, 2001