Enhanced Traditional Livelihoods: Alternative to the Oil Economy in Niger Delta

Abstract

The need to shift the national economy from sole dependence on oil to a diversified one has long been advocated by many authors. However, there has not been a constructive and determined effort towards achieving this objective. Government pronouncements have not been backed with policy frameworks to effectively implement policies in this direction. Where there are, full implementation has not been achieved. In the Niger Delta area, that is largely aquatic with extensive natural resources, the traditional economy of the natural communities have been abandoned and there are no serious efforts to exploit these resources maximally and sustainably to attract international markets so as to contribute significantly to the national economy. It is posited that enhanced traditional livelihoods such as fishing, farming, aquaculture, crafts and trading (with private and government participation) will bring about growth and development of the economy. A diversified economy will ensure adequate and full utilization of existing assets (natural, physical, human and social), reduction of poverty and unemployment. This will also mitigate population drift and restiveness in the region and invariably assuage feelings of marginalization and its fallout. This paper critically evaluates the traditional livelihoods and their prospects in transforming the economy through international trade and tourism. The role of government in making proactive policies with supportive framework that will enable effective implementation is advocated.

KEY WORDS: Enhancement, traditional livelihoods, oil economy and agriculture.