Factors Affecting Quality of Primary Education in Kohat Division, Pakistan

Abstract

Education in general and primary education in particular can bring a revolution in the advancement of a nation. The main objective of the study was to investigate the factors that affect the quality of primary education in Kohat Division, Pakistan. A total of 240 primary school heads and 800 teachers were selected in the same region on the basis of simple random sampling technique. The nature of the study was descriptive and a semi-structured questionnaire was used to solicit responses from the participants. Chi square and simple percentage was employed for the statistical analysis of the data. The findings indicate that lack of educational facilities; insufficient qualified staff; poor supervision and management; political interference; unattractive salaries packages for primary teachers; unsatisfactory evaluation and examination system; poor curricula; inadequate budget for education; corruption; poor implementation of educational policies; lack of coordination between schools and community; parental low socioeconomic status; parental negative attitudes; illiteracy of parents; and lack of in-service training programmes for teaching staff. Based on findings, it was suggested that corruption and political interference should be discouraged. Pre-service and in-service teachers’ training programme should be made effective. Adequate funding should be allotted for the advancement of education. Curriculum should be reviewed and redesigned according to the needs of emerging society. Proper check and balance system might be put into practice effectively.

Keywords, Factors, Affecting, Quality Education, Primary Education, Kohat District