The Impact of HRM Practices on the Performance of Public Institutions (In Focus: Albanian Customs Administration)

Abstract

The field of human resource management (HRM) has attracted great attention among different disciplines because of the contribution and its impact on issues within organizations. The concept of human resources and their management has evolved in recent years. A particular area, which has received considerable attention through theoretical debate, is the relationship between HRM practices in the organizational performance (OP). Researchers are constantly trying to analyze and explain the impact of HRM practices in OP, often taking into account one of two perspectives: systemic perspective or strategic perspective. However, recently the debate has shifted towards a more integrated approach to management on how a universal set of HRM practices can contribute to the OP. After an expose of achievements to date on theoretical approaches and achievements empirical concept of HRM and performance, the impact and nature of the link between the two, through this study will argue theoretical and practical existence of ways and mechanisms to explained the impact of  HRM on organizational performance.Thus, connection and influence between HRM and performance in this study includes multiple levels of analysis and is associated with a mechanism called practices of human resource management, such as training, recruitment, career opportunities, remuneration, job security, performance evaluation and job description, who individually or together is expected to have a greater impact, expressing so the synergy effect. Because generally the mechanisms that link organizational performance are mainly financial incentives, the difficulty is when operated largely in their absence such as public administration. Therefore, the primary focus of this study is to select a set of practices of HR that are supposed to have a big impact on the performance of public administration and in particular is taken to study Albanian Customs Administration (ACA) given its importance in maintaining and improving financial and economic indicators for the country. Because of the direct impact that the customs administration has in the performance of the Albanian economy and as well as the performance of this administration often is paralleled with the functioning of the state, explains the reason for its selection in this study. In this study we present an explanatory link of human resource practices against the performance of the customs administration and to broaden the debate about the theoretical and methodological issues and the impact of connectivity between HRM and organizational performance. Our goal is to build an agenda for further research in this field.

Keywords: practices of human resource management, customs administration, organizational performance