Insulin and Glucagon Levels in Diabetic, Diabetic Neuropathy Patient`s

Abstract

Background: Diabetic neuropathy affects 30–50% of patients with diabetes mellitus. It encompasses several neuropathic syndromes, the commonest being distal symmetrical polyneuropathy or ‘diabetic peripheral neuropathy’ (DPN). Risk factors for DPN include poor glycaemic control and drivers of macrovascular disease including hypertension.Objective: The study aimed to determination of insulin, glucagon levels in diabetic and diabetic neuropathy patient`s and compare the results with control group. Also, Insulin/Glu ratio calculated that may be used in early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy.Subjects and Methods: ninety subjects were enrolled in this study with aged ranged (40-65) years and BMI with (30-35) Kg/m² that divided into three groups as follows: group one (G1) consists of 30 healthy individuals as a control group, group two (G2) consists of 30 patients with diabetic and group three (G3) consists of 30 patients with diabetic and neuropathy as complication. ESC(Feet Mean), ESC(Hand Mean), ESC(Risk of neuropathies), FBS, insulin, Glucagon were determined. Also, HOMA-IR and insulin/Glu ratio were calculated.Results: The results of this study revealed highly significant differences in ESC (Feet Mean), ESC (Hand Mean) and ESC (Risk of neuropathies) between G2 and G3 comparing with G1 and in G3 comparing to G2. Results revealed a highly significant increased in FBS, insulin and HOMA-IR levels in G2 comparing to G1 and in G3 comparing to G2 and G1. Results, also, showed a high significant increased in glucagon levels in G2 and G3 comparing to G1 while no significant increased was found in G3 comparing to G2. Results, also, showed no significant reduction was found in In/Glu ratio in G2 comparing to G1, while a high significant elevation was observed in G3 comparing to G2 and G1.Conclusion: The conclusion could be drawn from this study that insulin and glucagon increased in patients with neurodiabetic when comparing to diabetic patients. Also, In/Glu ratio increased significantly in neurodiabetic patients when comparing to diabetic and control group that may be considered important marker in diagnosis of development of neuropathy risk.

Keywords: Diabetic Neuropathy, Insulin, Glucagon, Insulin/ Glu Ratio.