Utilization of Modified Cashew Nut Shell (Anacardium Occidentale) as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Synthetic Dye (C57) 4-Hydroxyl-3-Carboxy Phenylazophenylazo -2-Nitro-Toluene) From Aqueous Solution Via-Kinetics Approach

Abstract

The abatement of an azo-dye “4-hydroxyl-3-carboxylphenylazophenylazo-2-nitro toluene” with dye code C57 was carried out with the use of readily available and cheap adsorbent known as cashew nut shell (Anacareium occidentale) for the removal of the C57 dye from used water. The influence of the different system factors such as contact time, temperature, pH, dye ion concentration and adsorbent dosage were all investigated. The result showed the dye ion removal efficacy ncreases with time till optimum pion of 50 minutes (74.4&).The maximum dye adsorption occurred  with 5g of the adsorbent resulting to maximum percentage removal of 73.5. optimum C57 Dye concentration was found to be 10mg/L with efficiency of 72%. low pH results to a positive change in H⁺ concentration with % Removal of 63.9%, similarly the optimum dye removal was observed at 60^0C (333K) temperature resulting to 73.5% this maybe due to the chemical reaction the functional group of the cashew nut shell/C57. The Langmuir isotherm gave a smart linear graph with R² ,  K_L and S_F values as 0.6013, 8.73L/g, 47.39, and 1.133 respectively, which was able to fit in better of than the Freundlich isotherm. Freundlich isotherm assumes the adsorption intensity of the adsorbent with K_F value of 15.95mg/g. Pseudo first and second order have K of 0.014 and 0.0041 respectively, whereas the later was able to fit in properly more than the former.