Extraction and Nanoencapsulation of Ocimum Gratissimum Leaf Extract and Its Anti-Mycobacterial Activities

Abstract

Isolation of saponin from the methanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaves, its identification with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), application of the saponin in the synthesis of nanoemulsion and their antimicrobial activities were carried out. 0.7mg was isolated from 40g of powdered leaves mixed with 70% of methanol. The methanol and saponin extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis. The methanol extracts revealed 15 peaks and the saponin revealed 8 peaks with a total elution time of 30 minutes each. The saponin was used to synthesize nanoemulsion (emulsifier). The nanoemulsion and saponin were subjected to antituberculosis activity. The nanoemulsion has better anti-tuberculosis activity than the saponin due to its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). This goes to confirm the importance of nanomedicine in the drug delivery system and its application on diverse areas such as food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material synthesis. The biological synthesis is an eco-friendly alternative to the chemical and physical methods.

Keywords: Extraction, Natural Product, Nanoencapsulation, Ocimum gratissimum, Anti-Mycobacterial, Tuberculosis.

DOI: 10.7176/CMR/12-2-03

Publication date: February 29^th 2020