Preparation Natural Bentonite in Nano Particle Material as Filler Nanocomposite High Density Poliethylene (Hdpe)

Abstract

The purpose of this study is the preparation of natural bentonite in nano particle material as filler and reinforcement of thermoplastic high density polyethylene (HDPE) that has mechanical properties and good thermal properties and can be used as one component in the automotive industry. The method is performed in the preparation of nano particles is done by purification with HCl solution, calcination at a temperature of 600 ⁰C for 2 hours and the ball mill for 10 hours to get natural bentonite nanometers in size and materials used as a filler thermoplastic HDPE. The results particle size analyzer (PSA) average diameter of the particles 97.5 nm, with the X-rays diffraction (XRD) obtained by means of an average particle size of 49.80 nm and the highest content of EDX analysis on natural bentonite is aluminum (Al) and silicon (Si). with the X-rays diffraction analysis obtained from natural Bentonite is a kind of aluminum silicate mineral and classified types of wyoming (Na-bentonite). The minerals present in the clay consists of a group of minerals crystoballite quartz, mica group minerals from the annite, analcime from feldspar group minerals, and mineral carnegieite of feldspathoid group. The biggest content of samples of clay minerals crystoballite this phase is about 68%, while the result of nano composite (HDPE blend natural bentonite nano particle) with XRD analysis occurs intercalation between nano bentonite with HDPE, thermal analysis were shown enthalpy increased with increasing nano composites bentonite particles, the results of the mechanical properties of nano composite in an increased of the maximum tensile strength on quantity of 2 to 6 wt%, and a decline in the larger quantity of 6 % wt and a decrease in elongation at break with the addition of nano-particles of natural bentonite from SEM analysis HDPE blend with nano bentonite is homogeneous.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Natural Bentonite, HDPE, Mechanic, Thermal