Utilization of Various Types of Agricultural Waste Became Liquid Smoke using Pyrolysis Process

Abstract

High quality wood is getting harder to come by, this situation tends to increase the use of low-quality wood that is easy fragile that it can not be used in its natural form. For wood materials which could potentially be of good quality preservation needs to be done. To find solutions to these weaknesses, in order to be a good quality wood hence the need for the provision of technology on the timber of liquid smoke. The purpose of this study was to determine the quantity and quality of each type of agricultural waste ie rice husks, corn cobs, coconut fibers and coconut shell for the manufacture of liquid smoke. This study begins with the pyrolysis process with materials such as husks, corncob, coconut shell, and coconut fibers. At first 3 kg of raw materials that have been cleaned and has been reduced in size inserted into the pyrolysis reactor, heated to a temperature of 400⁰C for 5 hours, and smoke streamed out into the condensation pipe to obtain a liquid smoke while methane gas remains a not noncondensed. The results of this study indicate that the liquid smoke content for phenol of fibers, coconut shells, husks, and corn cobs are 2.97%; 3.04%; 1.30%; 1.38%. Liquid smoke content for the acidity of fibers, coconut shells, husks, and corn cobs are 6.8%; 7.3%; 1.6%; 1.3%. Liquid smoke pH value of the acidity of coconut shells, corn cobs, husks and fibers are 1.41; 2.47; 2.62; 3.36. Total yield of liquid smoke from acidity of fibers, coconut shells, husks, and corn cobs are 28.01%; 26.35%; 25.38%; 27.58%. Agricultural waste which has the best quality as a natural preservative for wood is coconut shell .

Keywords: liquid smoke, agricultural waste, antioxidant, antibacterial