A Review on Factors Effecting on Tourism Policy Implementation: A tool on the Development of the Tourism Industry in Islamic Republic of Iran

Abstract

Tourism is one of the most profitable businesses of the world. This industry now is considered as a leading industry in many countries due to faster growth than other sectors of the economy and creates numerous job opportunities. Because tourism is a ‘mixed industry’ comprised of private firms, public agencies and not-for-profit associations, a sustainable tourism industry requires a commitment by all parties involved in the planning process. This paper with the guidance of the synthesis approach (complex of both top-down and bottom-up perspectives) and by considering studies in tourism policy, had been reviewed the effective factors influencing policy implementation in tourism industry of Islamic republic of Iran. It was found that five factors including: public policy, macro & micro environment, institutional arrangements, inter-organizational relations and inter-organizational coordination and interest groups were influential in the implementation of tourism policy. In this regard Iran should identify its weaknesses and remove problems by create intelligent policies, planning and careful execution of these policies that is considered as a fundamental requirement in country, promote income level of the target areas especially in under-developed parts of country and considers sustainable development in different areas of this industry as an undeniable necessity.

Keywords: Public Policy, Macro & Micro environment, Institutional arrangements, Inter-organizational relations and inter organizational coordination, Interest groups