Munhu: Unlocking the Roots, Indigenous Knowledge for Development

Abstract

This paper is based on both written academic literature and Shona oral traditions. The paper looks at the conceptual framework, practice, and understanding of the muntu / munhu philosophy. The lateral translation of muntu / munhu is person. Conceptually the word goes deeper than this individualistic western worldview. Munhu is complex, multifaceted and generally understood at two levels; the lower and higher level. At lower level munhu means the physical body of a human being. At higher level munhu becomes the physical body and a lot of other extras. This paper argues that the concept of munhu (humanity) is the foundation of life and the only key to stability and progress / development among Africans. Destroying the human body or even showing disrespect to that body is a punishable offence. Thus whether munhu is understood at lower (physical) or higher (spiritual plus) level, munhu is sacred and has to be treated with respect for progress, wellbeing and development of the humankind. If respected, munhu will contribute towards both personal and communal development. In fact, in Africa the personal is communal.