Rationales Behind the Policy Failure in Education Sector of Pakistan: A Case of Affiliated Schools (from BISE) of Multan Division

Abstract

Policy making is indispensable in field of education for the underlying principle of methodical learning, institutional development and stakeholder’s participation. There are numerous policy constraints in education sector of Pakistan. These constraints comprise of political instability, non-coordination between time span and resources, inadequate government ownership and derisory distribution of power that contributes to social exclusion of foremost stakeholders from education sector of Pakistan. These impediments are the major underlying rationales behind diminutive participation of people at the social, economic and political level. Quantitative research design was applied on the data that was accumulated from two foremost stakeholders (teachers and students) from affiliated schools of Multan Division (Pakistan). The researcher interviewed 400 respondents through multistage sampling technique and then evaluated the results of the study variables by the application of t-test. The researcher institute through this research that the major rationales behind policy failure in education sector of Pakistan are deficient integration of provisional government in planning and implementation stage, deficiency of institutional mechanisms for donor coordination, lack of proper management of workforce and low quality education in comparison to international standards. On the basis of this research the researcher concluded that education policies are not adequate to achieve their targets in the limited time span due to weak planning, weak administrative structures, lack of accountability, wastage of resources and absence of support from the government. Participation from private sector, stringent monitoring system, encouraging the stakeholders involvement and managing the coordination between time span and resources are the foremost policy implications that can strengthen the role of educational policies in increasing the literacy rate of Pakistan.

Keywords: Stakeholders, rationales, administrative structures, accountability, methodical learning and institutional development.