Improvisation of Power Quality in Power System with the Integration of Renewable Energy using FACTS Devices

Abstract

The main goal in the power system is to transmit the power in a more economical way with high power quality and power factor, having a smaller possibility of system collapse or failure. Operation of power system network is going complex day by day and insecure with higher power flows without adequate control. Renewable energy when connected to the power grid can invite a lot of new problems and challenges. The output power of the wind generator is greatly affected by the variable nature of the wind speed which can cause power quality issues while integrating it to the grid network. The power quality issues include voltage fluctuation and reduced power factor.

One solution is to introduce Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) like, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and Static Synchronous convertors. The main objective of power electronic convertors is to integrate renewable energy or any distributed generation to the standard of grid power factor. However, the troubles like injecting additional harmonics to the system due to the high switching frequency can cause immense power quality issues [1].

Custom power devices (CPD), which includes Shunt controllers like Static Synchronous Compensator or Static Var Compensator (STATCOM or SVC), Series Controllers like Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC or TCSC), Combination of Series and Shunt Controller like Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) are used to interface devices between distributed generation and Series Compensator (SSSC) to improve the power factor and regulate the terminal voltage by installing it at the critical locations. MATLAB/PSAT is used to simulate the FACTS devices control scheme connected with the Wind turbine. And the effectiveness of the FACTS devices is tested by connecting the controllers at critical location of the power grid using IEEE 14 bus System.

Keywords: Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Static Compensator (STATCOM), Static Synchronous Series