Assessment of Serum Copeptin Level and eGFR in Adult Hypertensive Individuals Suspected with Polycystic Kidney Disease in NAUTH, Nnewi

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is consistently implicated in the development of chronic kidney diseases globally, though its pathologic process in the development of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is still unclear. This study is a cross-sectional prospective study designed to evaluate the renal function of hypertensive individuals suspected with Polycystic kidney disease using serum Copeptin, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as Biomarkers. Methods: A simple random sampling technique was employed in the recruitment of forty (40) hypertensive patients suspected with Polycystic kidney disease (test group), and forty (40) normotensive individuals (control group), both within the age range of 25 - 90 years. Blood sample was collected and serum extracted for the analysis of these parameters using microplate ELISA and colorimetric method respectively. The serum creatinine was used to calculate for the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for each individuals, urinalysis for urine protein, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), Systolic blood pressure  (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure  (DBP) for anthropometric measurements were also performed for each individuals. Results: Serum copeptin, was significantly higher while eGFR was significantly lower in test group compared to control group, including in gender-based comparison. The mean values of age, BMI, WHR, SBP and DBP were significantly higher in test group compared to control group, including in gender-based comparison. BNP and copeptin were significantly correlated with SBP. Conclusively, the significant increase in serum copeptin with decreased eGFR among hypertensive individuals strongly indicates derangement in renal function which may suggest evidence of polycystic kidney disease and may subsequently progress to renal failure if not properly managed. The significant increases in both BMI and WHR as observed among the study group suggests overweight which is a strong risk factor of hypertension as well polycystic kidney disease.

Keywords: Polycytic Kidney disease, Copeptin, eGFR, Adults, Hypertension, Nigeria

DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/109-04

Publication date:June 30^th 2023