Causes and Consequences of Sexual Violence in Male Prisons in Kenya: A Study of Kisumu Maximum Security Prison, Kenya

Abstract

Sexual violence in prisons is an area that calls for adequate attention so as to achieve positive results in the rehabilitation of offenders. Globally, regionally and locally this phenomenon has not received the much-needed attention as one of the challenges facing correctional institutions. This study investigated causes and consequences of sexual violence in Kisumu Maximum Security Prison. The study applied the Deprivation Model and Differential Association Theory to show how the inability to access and enjoy some privileges might be a cause of sexual violence in male prisons. The target population was prisoners, prison staff of Kisumu Maximum Security Prison, and Kisumu County Probation Officers. Stratified random sampling and purposive sampling were applied to obtain a sample size of 186 prison inmates, 18 prison staff and 6 Probation Officers. Questionnaires were used to collect data from prisoners while key informant guide was used on Prison Staff and Probation Officers. The collected data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics and the out-puts were presented using tables, figures, and graphs. The study established that sexual violence was rampant in Kisumu Maximum Security Prisons with majority of the prisoners having knowledge of this vice and blaming congestion as a key motivator. Also, prison administration was also blamed for perpetuating the commission of sexual violence by failing to address and documenting these reports.  Based on the study findings, it was recommended that increased surveillance by increasing staff and use of closed circuit cameras in the halls of residence, improved accommodation to ease congestion, introduction of supervised frequent conjugal visitations by partners, improved provision of basic necessities and lastly keeping the convicts constantly engaged in trainings and recreational activities address the problem of sexual violence in Kisumu Maximum Security Prison.

Keywords: Causes, Consequences, Sexual Violence, Male Prisons

DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-5-08

Publication date:June 30^th 2021