Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression Among Adult Population in Silkamba Town, Ethiopia, A Community Based Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder which is estimated to affect 350 million people globally. It is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects people in all communities across the world. In Ethiopia, depression contributes to about 6.5% of the burden of diseases. The study aims to assess the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among adult population of Silkamba Town.Methods: a community based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 970 adults aged 18 years and above. The study participant was selected by a systematic sampling method. The Standardized clinical rating scale Patient Health Questionnaires-9(PHQ-9) to collect data. Data was entered into Epi-data 3.01 and Exported to SPSS 23 version computer software for analysis. The association between the different variables with depression was measured using Odd Ratio (OR) and a 95 % confidence interval (CI). Variables with < 0.2 P-value at 95% confidence interval in bi-variable were entered into multi-variable by logistic regression to control the confounding effects. Variables with P <0.05 in multi-variable logistic regression were considered to be statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of depression among adults was 23.5% [95% CI (20.6, 26.4)] and stressful life events [AOR=3.6; 95% CI (2.49, 5.28)], substance use [AOR=2.79; 95% CI (1.81, 4.32)], family history of  diagnosed mental illness [AOR=2.25; 95% CI (1.13, 4.49)], age 35-44 years [AOR=2.21; 95% CI (1.160, 4.22], and history of diagnosed chronic non- communicable diseases [AOR=1.92; 95% CI (1.20, 3.06)] were significantly associated with depression.Conclusion: The study revealed a relatively high prevalence of depression. The presence of stressful life events, family history of diagnosed mental illness, history of diagnosed chronic non -communicable diseases, and substance use were significantly associated with depression.

Keywords: Depression, associated factors, Silkamba town, Ethiopia

DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-9-03

Publication date: November 30^th 2021