A Comparative Analysis of the Financial Ratios of Selected Banks in the India for the period of 2011-2014

Abstract

Most financial statement analyses focus on firms belonging to industries that either contribute significantly to economic figures or posit in a highly competitive business environment. The objective of this paper is an analysis done to see the extent to which a company has implemented using rules financial performance is good and right. This study investigates performance of commercial banking sector for the period of April- 2011 to March -2014. Financial statements of Axis bank, ICICI bank, Federal bank and HDFC bank for the indicated periods were obtained from database such as CMIE, Prowess, money control and yahoo finance. Necessary information derived from these financial statements were summarized and used to compute the financial ratios for the four-year period. Financial ratios are tools used to measure the profitability, liquidity and solvency performance of four major Indian commercial banks. This research is to analyze the financial statements of these banks using liquidity ratios, activity ratios, leverage ratios, profitability ratios, and market value ratios. For liquidity, the following ratios were used: current ratio, quick or acid-test ratio. For activity, Inventory turnover ratio, debtor turnover ratio and working capital turnover ratios were used. For leverage, the following ratios were used i.e. debt ratio, equity ratio, and interest coverage ratio. For profitability, profit margin, net profit margin, return on assets, return on shareholder’s equity, and earnings per share were used. For market value, price-earnings ratio and earning par share ratios were used.

Keywords: Current Ratio, Acid ratio, Quick ratio, Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Shareholder’s Equity (RONW), Earning per share (EPS).