One Health Approach to Prevent Emergence and Spread of Emerging Zoonoses

Abstract

We are now with an increased global trade, expanding agricultural systems, deforestation and urbanization which are predisposing factors to the emergence of many zoonoses. The concept of one health approach is broad and has much a potential to prevent emergence and spread of emerging zoonoses. The review was gird with the objectives: to raise awareness of the rationale about One Health and indicate the ways in which we veterinarians can participate in improving animal, public, and environmental health; and to indicate the power of One Health approach in tackling the emergence and spread of emerging zoonoses. Many emerging zoonoses have animal origins before their appearance in humans. Traditionally, approaches to health have focused on interventions such as human-based clinical treatment, emergency response, or vaccines. Most of health concerned sectors had been and are working fragmentally which would not be effective in prevention and control of the disease battles of the 21^st century. Even though there are many countries and organizations that are trying to implement and operationalize the concept of one health approach, in different parts of the world; still there are lack of awareness about one health and mistrust between the responsible bodies in animal, human, and environmental health sectors. In this era, there are increasing risks of zoonoses emergence and spread globally which need collaborative efforts to be taken into action. Continuous awareness creations and educations focused on the integrative approach should be given for the responsible bodies in; animal, human, and environmental health sectors; and notable emphasis should be given to risks of emerging zoonoses have on developing countries like our country, Ethiopia and one health should be implemented in different localities of these countries.

Keywords:  One health, emerging zoonoses, disease emergence