Psychological Distress and Health Related Quality of Life between Smokers and Non-Smokers

Abstract

The present research was conducted to explore the relationship between psychological distress and health related quality of life among direct smokers and second hand smokers. It was a correlation study in which cross-sectional research design was used. The total sample size was 200 which consist of hundred direct smokers and hundred second hand smokers. It was hypothesized that there is significant relationship between psychological distress and health related quality of life among direct smokers and secondhand smokers. It was also hypothesized that there is significant difference on psychological distress and health related quality of life between direct smokers and second hand smokers. Statistical Package of Social Sciences Version 20 (SPSS-20) was used to check these hypotheses. Results showed that there is significant negative relation between psychological distress and health related quality of life. Further, the results showed that there is significant difference on psychological distress between direct smokers and second hand smokers. This analysis further revealed that direct smokers have more psychological distress as compared to second hand smokers. In this study only one gender is taken as sample so in future researches both gender should be taken as sample.

Key words; Psychological distress, Health related quality of life, Smokers