The Contribution of Abacus to Mathematic Learning through Teachers’ Motivation in Elementary Schools of Iran

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to focus on the contribution of the use of abacus towards mathematic learning through teachers’ motivation. The use of abacus is defined as the independent variable of this study and mathematic learning is considered as the dependent variable mediated by motivation. This paper attempts to review the last studies. This presents a conceptual framework for the importance of effective factors to improve mathematic learning in the elementary schools.

Key Words: Abacus, motivation, mathematic learning.