Structural Congruence and the Performance of Non-Profit Organizations in Kenya

Abstract

This paper sought to investigate the effect of structural congruence on the performance of non-profit organizations in Kenya. A descriptive research design was used and focused on three clusters in Nyanza region with 47 Child Development Centres (CDC) (Migori 13, Kisumu-Siaya 18 and Homabay 16) with a target population of 149 staff. The staff were the unit of observation, while the CDCs was the unit of analysis. The population was sampled using stratified random sampling to achieve 109 CDC staff, with an additional 10% incorporated to address non-response, resulting in a new sample size of 120. Data was collected using questionnaires, and pre-testing of the questionnaire was conducted on 10% of the total main sample, targeting 12 CDC staff, to ensure validity and reliability. Validity was determined using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test, while reliability was tested using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with a threshold of 0.7. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings affirm that there was statistically significant effect of structural congruence on the performance of NPOs.It was recommended that to improve the performance of non-profit organizations, it is crucial to enhance structural alignment with strategic objectives. Organizations should conduct regular assessments of their organizational structures to identify any discrepancies between current practices and strategic goals. This may involve utilizing feedback from staff and stakeholders to understand how the existing structures impacts operational effectiveness. By refining organizational elements such as reporting lines, roles, and responsibilities, non-profit organizations can create a more cohesive environment that supports collaboration and facilitates goal achievement. Implementing a systematic approach to structural alignment will not only help clarify expectations but also empower employees to contribute more effectively to the organization’s mission.

Keywords: Structural Congruence, Strategic Collaboration, Vertical Integration, Horizontal Integration, Performance of NPOs, Sustainability, Beneficiary impact, Mission drift, Results monitoring, Standard operating procedures (SOP)

DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/17-2-04

Publication date: February 28^th 2025