Corporate Social Responsibility and Governance Approaches to Reducing Inequality (SDG 10) in Emerging Economies

Abstract

This study examines the interrelationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), corporate governance, and the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG 10)—reducing inequality within and among countries. Using a systematic literature review, the research synthesises theoretical, conceptual, and empirical perspectives to explain how CSR and governance frameworks jointly promote inclusive development in emerging economies. Findings indicate that CSR’s effectiveness depends on its institutionalisation within transparent, ethical, and participatory governance systems. Adaptive governance and ESG-aligned reporting enhance corporate accountability, legitimacy, and social equity. The study contributes to theory by positioning CSR–governance complementarity as a transformative mechanism for equitable growth and provides practical and policy insights for governments, corporations, and development agencies striving to embed equality in sustainable business practice.

Keywords: corporate social responsibility, corporate governance, SDG 10, inequality reduction, emerging economies.

DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/17-9-08

Publication date: November 30th 2025