Causes of Migration and Poverty of Housemaids in Peshawar and Nowshera: An Exploratory Study of Exploitation

Abstract

Migration is always linked with poverty, it is considered to be a source of improvement in living standard. For this purpose both internal and external migration is made, but with this migration, besides benefits, comes many problem, and when the migration is made by rural women to urban areas, the odds of happening of these problems increases even more. Because of lack of skills and education, they prefer domestic work. The aim of this study is to analyse the reasons for which the rural women migrate and after they work as housemaids, what complications and problems they face. For this study two areas were targeted and data was collected through questionnaires. Later on the data was analysed descriptively, through percentage analysis method. It was found that working as a housemaid, they face serious problems. To overcome them, some policy recommendations are given which can make migration yield positive results, especially in case of rural women working as housemaids in urban areas.