Multidimensional Analysis of Poverty in Mali

Abstract

This paper studies the trends and patterns of poverty monetary and non-monetary to Mali from household surveys. Monetary poverty will be apprehended from consumer spending by head of household. The threshold poverty in 2011 was 175 513 XOF (320 USD) was estimated from the methods of the costs of basic needs. Non-monetary poverty on the other hand, will be measured from a composite indicator of poverty (CIP). The multiple correspondence analysis will be used to develop the composite indicator of poverty and the non-monetary threshold from the hierarchical classification. Poverty has declined at the national level regarding monetary and non-monetary from 2001 to 2011. This decline has been more important between 2006 and 2011 despite the increase in monetary inequalities and lower inequalities in living conditions. The rural areas remain more exposed to the two forms of poverty than urban. Indeed, monetary poverty rate increased from 58.8% in 2001 to 56.1% in 2006 to 35% in 2011. As for non-monetary poverty, the rate was 90.1% in 2001, compared to 81.8% in 2006 to 65.6 percent in 2011. Moreover, an increase in monetary and non-monetary poverty was observed between 2011 and 2013 depending on the environment of (urban and rural) homes in the regions of Kayes, Koulikoro, Sikasso, Segou, Mopti and the national level.Poverty is positively correlated with the age of the head of household and the size of the household, and negatively correlated with the level of study. It touches more households headed by a man that those headed by women. Profile of non-monetary poverty as it evolves according to the years according to the following characteristics: sex, age, level of study, marital status of the chef of household and household size.

Keywords: Poverty, Mali.