Policy Model of Sustainable Public Transport Accessibility in Sukabumi City of Indonesia

Abstract

Sustainable development concept is something a matter to be carried by every country within which must be followed up by the underneath sectors such as sustainable transportation, especially concerning the public transport accessibility. Public transport accessibility problem is crucial to be solved in particular of urban areas like travel distance, cost, and time of someone who conducting the mobility. Research objectives are: (1) analyze the sustainability status of public transport accessibility by using sustainable transportation accessibility criteria and indicators; (2) formulate actions for public transport accessibility priority activities in Sukabumi City; (3) designing a public transport accessibility policy model with a dynamic system; (4) arrange the direction of policies to improve accessibility of sustainable public transport. Each criteria’s indicator of public transport sustainability in Sukabumi City is determined by economic, social, environmental, institutional and legal approaches. Results of the sustainability index analysis show that for economic criteria, it is 47.96, social criteria 23.58, environmental criteria 82.95, while institutional and legal criteria are 43.61, so the average sustainability index is 49.61 and it can be said to be less sustainable. Activity programs to improve the accessibility of public transport in Sukabumi City, like in economic criteria is more directed at saving transportation costs, such as minimizing vehicle operating costs; social criteria is to increase public interest in switching to public transportation; environmental criteria is to fuel efficiency; and institutional and law criteria is more towards efforts to plan sustainable transportation programs. The dynamic model offers 4 scenarios of sustainable public transport accessibility policy models. The best scenario is implemented in 3 policies which consist of: optimization of vehicle operating costs, savings in fuel oil costs, and an increase in the number of people traveling with public transport. The results of this study are expected to be useful for stakeholders, especially the government as a reference in developing public transport sustainable city.

Keywords : accessibility, mobility, sustainable transportation, vehicle operating costs

DOI: 10.7176/JESD/10-8-10

Publication date: April 30th 2019