Influence of Teachers Professional Knowledge in Enhancing Teacher’s Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Kajiado County, Kenya

Abstract

Teachers are pivotal to improving educational outcomes, particularly in regions like Kajiado County, Kenya, where public secondary schools face challenges such as low Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) performance, with a mean score of 5.56 (C- grade) from 2021-2024. This study investigates the role of appraising teachers’ professional knowledge encompassing formal education, teaching experience, and technical expertise in enhancing their performance. Employing a mixed-methods design, the research sampled 28 principals and 295 teachers from 93 public secondary schools in Kajiado County. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews, analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) for quantitative data, and content analysis for qualitative data. The findings revealed a statistically significant relationship between professional knowledge appraisal and teacher performance (b=0.179, p=0.014<0.05), indicating that a unit increase in appraisal leads to a 0.179-unit improvement in performance. Formal education, particularly advanced degrees, enhanced syllabus coverage, while experienced teachers demonstrated better classroom management. Technical expertise, including proficiency in digital tools, further improved instructional delivery, which was critical in the post-Covid-19 context. However, challenges such as evaluator bias, resource constraints, and logistical issues in the arid and semi-arid (ASAL) region hinder effective appraisals. The study recommended implementing structured, transparent appraisal systems focusing on professional knowledge, coupled with regular training and mentorship programs to foster continuous professional development. Addressing resource limitations and leveraging technology, such as the Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) system, can further enhance appraisal accuracy. These measures can elevate teacher effectiveness, improve KCSE outcomes, and contribute to better educational and socio-economic prospects for Kajiado County.

Keywords: Teachers’ professional knowledge, Teacher Performance, classroom management

DOI: 10.7176/JEP/16-9-08

Publication date:August 31^st 2025