Perception of Primary School Teachers Regarding Impact of Child Labour on Universalization of Education at Primary Level at District Bannu

Abstract

Child labour has emerged as a serious, widespread and rapid growing problem in many parts of the world. Child labour is a socio-economic issue, which not only wrecks the social growth but also damages the moral fabrics of our society. The on hand paper not only highlights this very issue but also have a close look at its major inverse affect on Universalization of Primary Education (one of the MDGs) . The main reason for child labour in many countries, particularly in third world nations is lack of education which is mainly caused by poverty, location, child status, family status and teacher’s behaviour etc. This paper attempts to assess the causes and effects of child Labour and its impact on Universalization of primary education at district Bannu. This study was descriptive in nature. Population of this study was comprised of all the male (1688) and female teachers (1251) i.e. 2939 teachers teaching at primary level and all the parents/ guardians i.e.  992 of the child labourers at district Bannu KPK, Pakistan. The sample of the study in case of teachers was 147 @ 5% while that of parents/guardians of child labourers was 100 @ 10%. A self developed questionnaire for teachers from where children have dropout and preferred to labour/work and also a structured questionnaire for those parents/guardians whose children were engaged in some sort of work/labour from the very beginning and have not been enrolled in any educational institution/school was distributed to know their perceptions regarding child labour and Universalization of primary education. This study was guided by these objectives: to compare the views of teachers about students preferring to child labour due to non availability of Govt schools near to their homes in rural & urban areas of District Bannu. to compare the views of teachers about students preferring to child labour due to increasing mode of educational expenses working in rural & urban areas of District Bannu. to compare the views of teachers regarding students preferring to child labour due to family members pressure not to attend the school in rural & urban areas of District Bannu, to compare the teacher perceptions for students prefer to child labour due to physical disability problems in rural & urban areas of District Bannu. To compare the teacher’s perceptions regarding student preferences for child labour due to behavior of teachers in rural & urban areas of District Bannu and to suggest some measures to decrease Child Labour and to Universalize Primary Education at district Bannu in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. To obtain the most appropriate and accurate results from the collected data, the coded questionnaire was analyzed through SPSS (V-23) in terms of percentage, frequencies, descriptive analysis, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Regression, Correlation, chi square and t-test was used for the analysis by the researcher.

Keywords: Child Labour, Universalization, Primary Education