Nutraceutical Potential and Sensory Acceptability of Unripe Plantain-Millet Composite Flour Blends

Abstract

There is an increasing need globally to eat foods that contain arrays of health promoting phytochemicals as alternatives to synthetic drugs. Therefore, the  present study sought to assess the nutritional  and antioxidant potentials of unripe plantain (UP) and millet (M) composite blends (UP: M); 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100. Some of the evaluated proximate indices (fat, protein, and fiber) gave high values as the composition of millet increases in the blends. On the contrary, the result showed an increasing value in the level of some minerals (sodium, calcium, potassium and magnesium) as the inclusion of unripe plantain increases in the blend, with the exception of phosphorous. Physico-chemical properties of the blends did not show any particular trend with the proportion of either plantain or millet in the blend. The result of the sensory properties of the porridge prepared from the blend showed a varied rating, with better overall acceptability for two blends (40UP:60M, 20UP:80M). HPLC/DAD analyses of millet and unripe plantain revealed the presence of some flavonoids and phenolic acids. Antioxidant indices were also high as the percentage inclusion of millet increases in the blend. Results from this investigation revealed that millet contributes  higher antioxidant potential and is a better source of protein and fat, while unripe plantain have higher amount of minerals. This by implication is that the combination of these plant food most especially two of the blends (40UP:60M and 20UP:80M) would serve well as a functional food which could be harnessed as in the management of free radical mediated diseases.

Keywords: Antioxidant potential; Nutritional value; Phenolic composition; Sensory properties; Millet; Musa paradisiacae