The Integration of Basic Concepts of Andragogy and Penology for the Improvement of Deradicalization Program in Order to Prevent the Indonesian Terrorist Recidivism

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to analyze the causes of less success of terrorist deradicalization programs in Indonesia before 2017 and to find the formulation of deradicalization programs that can prevent terrorist recidivism in Indonesia based on the integration of andragogy and penology. Based on the discussion, it is known that the cause of less success of prison in conducting terrorist deradicalization are: over capacity in prison, less quantity and quantity of correctional officers, lack of facilities, unvaried deradicalization method, and there is no specific syllabus yet; lack of government and community support, and unique Indonesian terrorist characteristics. The prospective deradicalization programs to prevent terrorism are the use of multiple methods in learning, involvement of interdisciplinary resource persons, the separation of prisoners based on measurable criteria in Special Prisons. While deradicalization programs outside prisons must be supported by the creation of social policies which can eliminate the causes of pre-emptive and preventive acts of terror, Improvement of Indonesian diplomacy abroad, and monitoring of former prisoners and their families and networks.

Keywords: andragogy, penology, deradicalization, terrorist, recidivist