Developing Teaching Material of Writing Scientific Paper using Constructivism Approach

Abstract

The aims of this study are to develop teaching material using constructivism approach to improve students’ skill in writing scientific paper and to test the product effectiveness of learning process in writing scientific paper in the class. Recursive, Reflective, Design, and Development (henceforth called R2D2) model was used in this research to achieve this research objective. R2D2 development model consists of four steps namely: decision, design and development, effectiveness test, and dissemination. This research refers to nonlinear focus. Decision focus was done by setting the product and participant team. Design and development focus were done by designing teaching material and development process. Development process was done by setting practitioner test, expert test, product test, and effectiveness test of product. Data of expert test, practitioner test, and product test in field were qualitative data, while effectiveness test data was quantitative data. Qualitative data was analyzed by using domain technique. Domain analysis include format, content, material organization, and language aspect of the product. Quantitative data was analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 for windows. Result of this research development is teaching material of writing scientific paper based on the constructivism approach. This product has specific characteristics that different from conventional teaching material. The features lie on the using of constructivism approach in learning with four activities, namely (a) orientation, (b) exploration of concept, (c) interpretation/concept inquiry, and (d) concept application. The result of the product effectiveness test shows that using teaching material of development product improves learning outcomes in writing scientific paper. It can be seen from the significant difference between pretest and posttest score of writing scientific paper with constructivism approach.

Keywords: Teaching material, Writing scientific paper, Constructivism approach